Method of covering objects with sheet-pyroxylin.



PATENTEDl JULY 7, 1908.

. A. H. WYMAN. METHOD 0F covBHING OBJHcTs WITH SHEET PYROXYLIN.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 23. 1907.

f 'Nesea'roa l lBe it known that uNrrnD sfrnfrns rrn'rnrrr ernten.

'SARTHUR E. WYMAN, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

l METHODOF CQVERING OBJECTS WITH SHEET-PYROXYLIN.

Speeication of Letters Patent.

Patented July '7, 1908.

j appunti@ med July 2s, 1907. serial No. 385,206.

To allwhomitvmcy concern: l

I, ARTHUR E. WYMAN, a

' .citizen of the United States of America, and

resident of Springfield, in the count of Hampdenand State of Massachusetts, aveu invented certain new and useful Improve-l ments in Methods of Covering Objects with l full, clear,

SheetfPyroxylin, of which the following is a and exact description. This invention relates to the manufacture of articles having a covering of sheet pyroxylin material, such as popularly known as j covered is placed in a .which is capable of being tightly closed, to-

sheet celluloid, and the object is to perform the covering o eration in such a manner as to eliminate muc of the labor and the requirement of considerable and expensive a paratus and appliances heretofore required).

In the covering operationas heretofore practiced and also as now practiced by me, the sheet pyroxyljn material brought directly to contact against the article to be surfaced thereby is rendered plastic by heat,

and-,then by a suitably a plied pressure it is forced to conform and adll f ere to the contour, however irregular, of the object.

As heretofore practiced in a somewhat ex-` tensive, and a practical, way the object to be flexible rubber bag,

gether with the pyroxylin sheet material in v contact thereagainst and in'some cases partially or loosel wrapped around the object.

aced and closed in acylindrical receptacle, termed in shop parlance a gun, into which very hot water under a considerable hydraulic ressure is introduced and maintained with tiie effect 'of collapsing the rubber bag, and through the medium' of the latter, which will be constricted to the contourof the inclosed object therewithin, force the sheet materiaL-rendered plastic by thehotwater through the'bag as a heat conformation to the'contour yof the object to be covered, or so fm'uch thereof as desired to be The bag, close is p covered, a cement being used for holding the covering- 'on' the object, the application of the fsamebeing made prearatory to introducing v the'parts into lthe rub "50.*

ably highpressure of consideration is er bag. The so called for establishing a suitthehot` water therein and yet an even greater cost that for 'the rubber bags gun landthe 'means are expensive,

which have but a Shoa life, quickly derenorate from the eiiects of the hot water, and are useless when ruptured or having a punctureeven as minute as a pin hole.

The present 4invention consists in the method of covering an object with sheet pyroxylin material, consisting in disposing the object and sheet material one next' to the other in an inclosed receptacle, rendering the sheet material plastic by heat, and subjecting the plastic sheet material to the action of confined air, under pressure directly effective thereon for deflection thereof, whereby such material closely conforms to the contour of, and is made to closely cover, the given object. By this mode of operation the necessary apparatus to be employed is much and ydraulic pressure appliances; and the necessity for the expensive and non-durable rubber sacks is entirely avoided.

As an exempliiicat'ion of the carrying out of my improved method I will,in conjunction with the accom anying drawings, describe the rocedure or covering, on its top, and around) its internal and external portions, an apertured water closet seat with sheet Celluloid, any suitable or analogous material other than celluloid, or other than'any cheapler than the gun and water heating pyroxylin, to be regarded as the equivalent thereof.

Referring to the drawings: Figure l is a plan view of the apparatus adequate for the car ing out of the process. 2 is a vertica sectional view on line t2*-2, ig. 1,show ing the sectionof a water closet seat and the covering sheet material in place in the closed receptacle and in readiness to be subjectled to the action whereby the sheet material is made to conform to the contour of the seat. Fie. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but showing lShe result of theaction for the conformation of the sheet Amaterial at the seat. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view through the seat with an additional covering on the bottom thereof. Figs. 5 and 6 are `views hereinafter referred to relating to the covering by celluloid of a' cross sectionally round pbJect.

A represents an iron box made in separable sections-c and a2 with clamping means for detachably holding the box closed in air ti ht condition, a packing yat the meeting e ges of thev box being provided if desired.

' ln the lower box 'section is a raised fortiori upon which the object to be covere v rests', and for the purpose of illustration the box section 1s shown provided with an annular rib d uponwhi'ch a water closet seat shown. A

B represents a vst'earn ipe-coil provided within and supported bythe upper section, a portion of the connected and throttle-valveprovided supply-pipe being represented at Zn.

D represents a sufficient portion of a valve- I provided pipe connected into the upper 'box section and understood as'having connection shown).

f The box being openedHtheseat w is placed on the rest or supporting'rib d, and a sheet x of "celluloid", having a su erficial upper edge of the lower box section a.

, area greater lower halves'of t e box chamber.

l forced byt ,.boundary, to close co The steam is turned on, and the air under pressure, say, of pounds to the square inch,

heated by the steam within the box, softens the sheet material-the same becoming plastic and capable of being ex anded,-and e air pressure, in t e chamber of which the celluloid dia hr'agm a; is the lower nibrmation to thecon-V tour of the seat,.-.this latter condition or reof the tinuation of the dished ploy@v is more effeetuall 'represented in lations of the arts being substantially as y ig.- ;3, wherein it will be perceived that a portion z? of the sheet material is forced below th plane 'o f the under surface panning conseat and remains as a s portions f'the thin e flaring wall of the The cement pre in the operation ofthis processhardens after apphcation, andis softened and pyroxylin which covers t seat` a erture..

v'rendered `viscous by heat, and this softenin y accomplished by-theeffect of hot air in an mclosed chamber, as shown in the improved processlierein described.. Cement of the character employed can thus Ab e applied to the article-to be covered at any applied. 'It will als time and permitted to drythereon, and 1s rea y .rendered`operat ive when the heatnecessary. to'soften the covering material is o be'-perceived that Vthe seat'edges are'covered Withthe sheet mateconformed and thereto, rihile,4

seance lthe under si y in Fig. 4, making use of the' escribed a with anyA ordinary vair compressor, (not oir more or less as desirable or necessary, 1s admitted With the result that theair "m disposing the seat permanentl en eifably emlin materi formleldlo such contouyiovlilhieh'eonsistsin dis^ j the objectwith a sheet of em in ai j incidentally under thnpressure of the air at one side of the sheet the seat edges-and the box walls is down- Wardly deflected, as indicated at :t3 in Fig. 3.

the sheet between The box being opened and the covered seat l ortions x2 and :r2A are sheared removed, the

flush with -the lower surface or trimmed o of the seat,

and thenfan additional covering Y I sheet of thed'pyroxylin may be lprovided on e ofy the seat, as re resented'at paratus for applying it, or performing t e operation otherwise, as preferred. This method is equally available for celluloidfcovering objectshaving greater irregularity than water'closet seats, `as will be ob vious.

In Fig. 6, andthe cross section thereof, I.

Fig. 5, a cross sectionally round article' is re resented which may be covered with sheet ce uloid:-the celluloid sheet a; is wrapped more or less closely about the object fw* cement having been'applied onthe object, or on the proximate surface of the coverin matei'i-al,- and upon being placed andino osed the box A having the equi ments def scribed, whereby the heated t ereiii renders the wrappingV sheet plastic, the air underA compression is forced into the chamber, with the effect of causing a constriction' of the Celluloid wrapping so that it adheres to, and has a conformationto .the c'ontour'of the .ob'ectLl I seat with a sheet of pyro'xylin, which consists :'1. The method'ofproviding a watervcl'oset 100 tside up with'a f sheet of pyroxylin material supported on the 1 seat in a closed receptacle,

effect a softening and deiection o agement with the outer wall of the seat an .t e wall of the seat aperture. 2. The method of providing an'obje'ct having an irregularcoiitourwith an attached ch consists in disf formed to such contour,fw posing the object'with a'shee'tof, yroxyliii nliateial with ceiientbetween l1'. emiii a cose rece tace an Ysu ject' `t epyroXy.

al) on' tlie outer side lzlbgthe action of and subjecting the pyroxylin-material on the outer side tothe vaction of heated dryair under pressure to and'consequent expansion the material'iiito intimate l' ...covering sheet, of-pyroxylli material.- conheated'dry air under ressure to. effect a' softening of the materi and the cement and a conse uent expansion and dejection of the' lmatei'i y into intimate ment with` the: object.' Y

an Yirregular contour with anattached materialV conmaterial `'Witl'i a' cement between 3. 'rhs mated of previaing mi object 12o l permanent'engage--, 1

closed rece tacle, marginally ccnning the and deection of the material into intimate sheet in said receptacle, whereby it constipermanent engagement with the object. 10 tutes a chamber partitioning' diaphragm- Signed by me at Springfield, Mass., inprestherein, and subjectlng the p roXylin mateence of two subscribin Witnesses.

rial on the outerside and Wit its'confined ART UR E. WYMAN. margins tothe action ofheated dry air under Witnesses: pressure to effect a softening of the material WM.- S. BELLOWS,

and the cement and a consequent expansion GJ R. DRIsCoLL. 

